warwick



(No Model.) 4 SheetsSheet 1. Gr. T. WARWICK.

VELOOIPEDE.

No. 424,941. Patented Apr. 1,1890.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet '3.

G. T. WARWICK. VELOOIPEDET No. 424,941; Patented Apr. 1, 1890.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets--Sheet 4.

G. T. WARWICK. VELOGIPBDE.

No. 424,941. Patnt'e'd Apr. 1. 1890".

UNiTED STATES tries.

GEORGE 'l. WARWICK, OF SPRINGFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO THE VVARYVICK CYCLE MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

VELOCEPEDE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 424,941, dated April 1, 1890.

Application filed June 20, 1889.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, GEORGE T. WAR IOK, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, residing at Springfield, in thecounty of Hampden and State of Massachusetts, have invented new and useful Improvements in Velocipedes, of which the following is aspecifieation.

This invention relates to improvements in velocipedes, some parts thereof being, however, more particularly applicable for use in the class known as Safety bicycles; and the object and nature of the invention will .be made fully apparent from the description hereinafter given, and the composition of the invention will be also fully described, and clearly set forth in the claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying cycle, showing certain features of the invention applied thereto. Fig. 2 isa plan view of parts of the machine below the plane indicated by line 2 2, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is an elevation of the maehine frame as-seen 011 looking rearwardly from the line 3 3, Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a plan view similar to Fig. 2, but showing a modification in construction. Fig. 5 is an elevation of a partof the last-mentioned construction. Figs. 6, 7, and 8 are sectional views of parts in detail to be hereinafter particularly referred to. Figs. 9, 9, and 10 are. illustrations of an. improved ball-bearing,- which is susceptible of use in various parts of veloeipedes. Figs. 11 and 12 are illustrations of an improvement in pedals. and 14 are illustrations in elevation of an improved foot-aetuated brake. V g

In the drawings, Sheet 1, A represents a Safety bicycle, of which a, is the head, comprising as parts thereof the forks a and the upper part (i of post form, which supports the handle-bar E. i

15 represents the saddle, support-ed on the frame of the machine and adapted to have a swiveling motion in any suitable plane, appliances being connected to said saddle and to the head of the machine whereby on the Figs. 13

Serial No. 314,987. (No model.)

saddle-post D is provided with an angular horizontal extensional, and the saddle B is provided with and supported above a carrier block or hub f, and, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, said block or hub has a bore 20 there-.

through to fit on said horizontal. saddle-post extension d, and thereby the saddlemay have a swiveling motion laterally, or, in other Words, a partial rotation in a vertical planethat is, at right angles to the axis of said extension (1. A collar 22 or equivalent device is provided to limit or prevent any undue endwise slide of the said carrier. The said carrier-block f is provided with lateral arms 23 23, and the head act the machine is also similarly provided with arms 24, and between.

the arms on said swiveling block and said fork-head flexible connections, as chains or cords 25, are passed and intermediately guided by sheaves 26 26, affixed to the frame. From the description above it will be understood that as the said flexible connections between the lateral arms of the forkhead and tho saddle-carrier are taut, and the swinging movement of the fork-head on the backbone is limited under the usual form of connection between the same and the neck of said backbone, so that at no time can the saddle swing downwardly on either side much .more, for instance, than is indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 3, and whether or not the rider is on the saddle, the latter will always be maintained approximately in the position for riding; and,

furthermore, it will be understood that while i on the seat the rider, by swaying his body and swinging the saddle to either side, may effect a steering of the machine without moving the handle-bars by his hands, for his hands may at such time be removed from the handlebars.

As is well known and habitual with bicyclists while riding, at the time of perceiving any tipping or falling to one side, they obviate same by swinging the front wheel so that it inclines forwardly and laterally at the side corresponding with that on which such tipping occurs, and under the construct-ions and connections described of and between the saddle and the fork-head the very action of tipping on or off the saddle insures the checking thereof.

In Figs. 4 and 5 a modification in the construction of the saddle-mounting device is shown, whereby a swiveling movement in a horizontal plane may be effected, and for such movement of the saddle the angular extension (1 of the saddle-post, by its vertical portion 29,- is in a bearing-socket in the saddlepost D, and capable ofa partial axial rotation therein, and the horizontal extension portion 61, moving laterally in a horizontal plane and having arms 30 thereon, to which the rearward ends of the flexible connections 25 are connected, exerts, when swung sidewise, a tension on one or the other of said connections and a turning of the front fork.

The upwardly-extended portion a of the fork-head is made chambered or in the form of a receiver for a cushion or cushions 31, and, as particularly shown in Figs. 1, 6, 7, and S, It represents a post, downwardly extending from the transverse handle-bar E and passed between and below the cushions 31 in said receiver, and at its lowermost portion it is supported in any suitable manneras, for instance, by a pivot 33, as shown, which is passed through the walls of the for :-head extension and through said steeringpost.

Vibration of the front wheel and frame, owing.

to such cushioning connection between the steering-post and the fork-head, will not be imparted to the handle-bar. The same form of cushioning may occur in other situations in velocipedesas, for instance, the saddlepost D, or other corresponding part of the frame, may be similarly made tubular or soeketed, and the vertical portion of the extension (Z, or other spindle-like part carrying the saddle, may be supported in the said saddle-post or corresponding part and cushioned in substantially the'same manner.

In Figs. 0 and 10 is illustrated an improvementin ball-bearings consisting of parts as follows: F represents a case of cylindrical form, having its outer end open and its inner periphery screw-threaded, as shown at 2. f represents the axle or spindle, passing through an axial aperture St in the inner end wall of said case, and 9 represents a sleeve seated in the end wall of said case, having in its periphery a groove 35, of semicircular or other approved cross sectional contour, and, as shown at 32, said sleeve, which is preferably loose on the axle, is projected to about the mouth of the said case, although this feature is not absolutely essential. The ball-inclosing ring 1', having internally the peripheral groove, is formed of segments 36 30, in practice three being a desirable number, and the said ball-inclosin g ring is of a less diameter than the internal diameter of said cylindrical ease F for the bearing, whereby an i nterniediate annular space is formed. The outer periphery of said ball-inelosing ring tapers in-, wardly, as shown at 37; andj represents an annular shell or ring externally screwthreaded to take into the screw-threads of said case F, and bythe inside of its inner end portion,when screwed inwardly, bears on the tapering surface of said segmentally-formed ball-inclosing ring and exerts a cam or wedging action thereon, to force the ring-segments concentrically and inwardly to adjust same to take up wear and secure the most advantageous bearing on the hardened balls 10 between the said segmental and grooved ring and grooved sleeve. The said shellj is also internally screw-threaded, as shown at 38, into which a cupshaped nut is, externally screw-threaded, is entered and turned to seat on the said segmental ball-inclosing ring, locking same against movement. As the said cupshaped nut is, internally screw-en gagin g the said shell j by its inner end, comes to a seat on the segments of the ball-inclosing ring to lock them against movement after they have been adjusted by the said shell, on any further turning of said nut an outwardlyforcing action by its threads is then exerted on the internal threads of the said shellj, (which by its external screw-thread takes into the internal screw-threaded periphery of the outer case F,) and thereby said nut 7; not only acts as a means for firmly holding the segments of the ball-inelosing ring, but further acts to lock the said shell j, by means of which the concentric adjustment of said segments is secured. 40 represents a circular groove formed in the outer face or head of said cupshaped 'nut, into which the annular flange or lip 453 of a dust-cap l is seated, said dust-cap being confined in place by any suitable deviceas, for instance, as shown, through the nut- 43, which confines the fork-leg It on the end of the spindle and against said dust-cap; and it will be noted that said dust-cap covers the circular lines of contact between the circular aperture in the head of said cup-shaped nut and the outer periphery of said sleeve of collar extension 31, and also between the inner periphery of said extension and the axle. In lieu of the ball-inclosing ring being formed outwardly tapering, as shown in Fig. 9, the same may be of cylindrical form, and the inner periphery of the shellj at its inner end may be tapered, as shown in Fig. 9, and such change from the construction shown in Fig. 9 is merely one as'to form and in no way affects the action of the parts. The portion of the outer periphery of the screwthreaded shell j which lies beyond the end of the case F isscrrated, as at to, and a dog m is affixed in the outer portion or extension of the bearing-casing, having serrations in its extremity to engage with those on said shell to lock the shell against loosening, the dog bein confined in its locking position by a set-screw or other suitable securing means.

In some uses of the ball-bearing it is desirable to have the inclosing-casing F-fixed' and the axle rotatable instead of the reverse, as has been shown and described, and such an employment may readily be made, the relations and operations of the parts being the same. It is immaterial whether the grooved sleeve 9 be in the form of a sleeve rotatable on the axle or in the form of acollar or shoulder formed or fixed thereon.

In Figs. 11 and 12 an improvementin pedals is shown. Grepresents the pedal-frame, having the transverse connecting-tube n, through which the pedal-shaft 0 is passed, and also through the bearings contained in the cases 49 at the ends of the pedal-frame. 5O represents oil-holes through the said connecting tube n, for introducing oil to thesaid shaft, and closely. fitting over said connecting-tube is a tubular guard 19, having holes 52 therein to register with the oil-holes 50 when the guardtube is properly turned; but said guard-tube is' usually intended by an imperforate portion thereof to cover said holes 50; Said tubular guard is provided with a milled or knurled peripheral portion 53, whereby it may be conveniently turned. By the provision of said guard dust and other foreign matter are ex cluded from the pedal-shaft at parts thereof within the ends of the pedal-frame. An approved foot-actuated brake is illustrated at H in Figs. 1,13, and let. A friction-- disk q is affixed on any suitable running or driven axle of the machine, preferably the axle 60, carrying the pedals and sprocketwheel 62, from which sprocket-wheel a chain 63 connects with the sprocket-wheel 64 on the axle of one of the ground-wheels. About the periphery of said disk is placed a brakeband 1", which by its ends is connected to the ends of a lever s, intermediately carried on a rocker shaft or arbor t, having a bearing in a suitable part of the frame, and on the said rocker-shaft t is fixeda lever-arm a, projecting upwardly or forwardly or otherwise extended into convenient reach of the foot, and on its end it-is provided with a treadlebar 65'. Pressure on the end of the said brake-arm will swing the said intermediately pivotally mounted lever s and secure the drawing of the brake-band to aperipheral bind on the said friction-disk q.

in Fig. 1 a specific and improved construction of a dress-guard is shown, which consists of a series of spiral springs Q), each by its one end secured to a common ring or keeper 70, terminating in a hook adapted to engage with a pin near the bearing of the wheel, and said springs upwardly diverge,

and by their upper ends are to be secured to the mud-guard 7 2, and said springs, which constitute the open-work dress-guard structure, being in tension, securely preclude all vibration and rattling.

The general plan or principle and essential parts to constitute a dress-guard of the class above described and herein shown are embodied in my application for patent filed April 22, 1889, Serial No. 308,067. 1- therefore herein make no broad claim to this class of dress-guards, but I make a claim which is subservient to that in my above-referred-to application,'being to an improvement of construction, which is to be merely considered as a modification or species, the claim to the genus, of which it appears I am the origina-' tor, being embodied in the said above-mentioned other application.

What I claim as my invention is- 1. In velocipedes, as a mounting for posts,

such as the steering or saddle post, the combination, with the frame provided with a holder having therein one or more cushions,

of the post, as aforesaid, passed through and between said cushions and supported therebelow on said frame, for the purpose set forth.

2. In a ball-bearing, the combination, with the outer case internally screw-threaded, the axle and the grooved collar thereon, a segmental-formed ball-inclosing ring, and the balls, of. the annular shell externally and internally screw-threaded, and having a wedging or cam bearing by its inner end portion on said .balLinclosing ring to force the segments thereof concentrically inward, and the cylindrically-formed locking-nut, having by its external threads a screw engagement with said annular shell, and adapted by its inner end to bear on said ball-inclosing ring, substantially as described. j v

3. In a ball-bearing, the combination, with the outer case internally screwthreaded, the axle and the grooved collar thereon, a segmental-formed ball-inclosing ring, and the balls, of the annular shell externally and internally screw-threaded,and having a wedging or cam bearing by its inner end portion on said ball-inclosing 'ring to force the segments thereof concentrically inward, and the cup-shaped locking-nut provided in its head with the circular groove, and having by its internal threads a screw engagement with said annular shell, and adapted by its inner end to bear on said ball-inclosing ring, and the dust-cap having the flange fitting in said circular groove, substantially as and for the purpose described.

- 4. in a ball-bearing, the combination, with the outer case internally screw-threaded, the

axle and the grooved collar thereon, a segmental-formed ball-inclosing ring, and the balls, of the annular shell externally and internally screw-threaded, and having a wedging or cam bearing by its inner end portion on said'ball-inclosing ring to forcethe segments thereof concentrically inward, and having its periphery near its outer end serrated, and the dog m, removably attached on the extension of said outer case, and having a serrated end engaging with the serrated periphery of said annular shell, substantially as described. I

v5. lln a pedal for velocipedes, the combina tion, with the frame having the transverse connecting-tube mprovided with an oil-hole, i

of the tubular guard fitting over said connecting-tube, also provided with an oil-hole, and adaptedwhen said guard-tube is properly turned to register with said first-named oil-hole, substantially as described.

6. In a velocipede, the combination, with the mud-guard, of a series of spiral springs, each by one end secured to said mud-guard and by their other ends held by a common keeper, which is connected to a suitable part of the frame at a suitable distance from the outer connected ends of said springs, whereb; they are held in tension, substantially as de scribed. a

7. A dress-guard for velocipedes, consist-in; I of a suitable ring or keeper and a series 0 spiral springs, each by one end attached there to, substantially as described.

\ GEO. T. \VARWICK. \Vitnesses:

WM. S. BELLOWs, G. M. CHAMBERLAIN. 

